An original artwork is a one-of-a-kind painting created by me, by hand, in my Edinburgh studio.  Unlike a print or reproduction, there is only one original of each painting, making it unique in its own right.

Each original has its own character, marks and subtle variations that come from the process of painting by hand. It is the actual painting created in my studio, rather than a reproduction of my work.

I primarily work with professional-grade watercolours on high-quality cold-pressed watercolour paper. I carefully select my pigments and materials for their colour, quality and longevity, helping each painting retain its character and beauty for many years to come.

For more information about the materials and techniques I use, please visit my Materials page.

Every original painting comes with my unique stamped Mark of Authenticity on the back. This identifies the work as an original and includes the painting name and date painted.

I use archival-quality, acid-free ink for the stamp, chosen for its long-term stability. The 4cm diameter stamp is carefully applied to the reverse of the paper and does not show through to the painted side.

My signature is also included on the artwork itself, providing an additional mark of its authenticity and confirming that the painting is an original work created by me.

When I create an original painting, I own both the copyright in the artwork and the physical artwork until it is sold.

When I create an original painting, I own both the copyright in the artwork and the physical artwork until it is sold.

Copyright is an intellectual property right, while ownership of the physical artwork is a property right. Purchasing an original painting or giclée print does not transfer the copyright unless this is specifically agreed in writing.

• All artwork, images, designs and content on this website are my copyright and are protected under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 and applicable international copyright laws.
• The purchase of an original artwork or giclée print does not include the transfer of copyright.
• I retain all rights to reproduce my artwork, including creating limited edition prints, open edition prints and other licensed products, even after an original painting has been sold.
• My artwork may not be copied, reproduced, modified, distributed or used for commercial purposes without my prior written permission.
• AI and automated use: No images or content on this website may be copied, scraped, downloaded or used for AI training, data mining or machine learning without my prior written permission.